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Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance

Meaning

Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance refers to the precise, dynamic equilibrium between the stimulatory and dampening signals within the central nervous system. This delicate homeostasis is mediated by the relative activity of excitatory neurotransmitters, primarily glutamate, and inhibitory neurotransmitters, chiefly gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Clinical manifestation of imbalance can range from anxiety and insomnia to seizures, highlighting its fundamental role in neurological and, by extension, hormonal regulation. Maintaining this balance is essential for cognitive function, mood stability, and the rhythmic pulsatility of hypothalamic-pituitary hormones.