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Estrogen and Serotonin

Meaning

The complex, bidirectional interaction between the primary female sex hormone, estrogen, and the key monoamine neurotransmitter, serotonin, which profoundly influences mood, cognition, sleep, and appetite. Estrogen modulates the synthesis, transport, and receptor sensitivity of serotonin in the central nervous system, particularly in brain regions governing emotional regulation. This critical neuroendocrine link explains why fluctuations in estrogen levels, such as during the menstrual cycle, perimenopause, or post-menopause, can significantly impact psychological well-being and contribute to mood disorders. Understanding this relationship is vital for comprehensive hormonal health management.