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Erythropoietin Axis

Meaning

The Erythropoietin Axis is a critical hormonal regulatory system centered on the glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin (EPO), which is primarily produced by the kidneys. This axis governs the precise rate of red blood cell production in the bone marrow, a process known as hematopoiesis. It is fundamentally responsible for maintaining oxygen homeostasis throughout the body, directly impacting energy levels, tissue vitality, and overall physiological function. While primarily known for its role in blood production, EPO and its receptors are also involved in non-hematopoietic functions, including neuroprotection and cardiovascular regulation, demonstrating a broader hormonal influence. Clinically, it serves as a key indicator of kidney health and the body’s oxygen-carrying capacity.