The inherent capacity of an organism’s genome to modify gene expression patterns, specifically increasing the activity of beneficial genes, without altering the underlying DNA sequence. This potential is a measure of cellular plasticity and responsiveness, allowing for the activation of longevity-associated pathways and the suppression of disease-promoting genes through targeted lifestyle or therapeutic interventions. Maximizing this potential is key to biological age reversal.
Origin
This term is rooted in the field of epigenetics, the study of heritable phenotype changes that do not involve alterations in the DNA sequence, specifically focusing on mechanisms like DNA methylation and histone modification. Upregulation refers to increasing gene expression.
Mechanism
The upregulation process is mediated by external signals, including specific hormones, nutrients, and environmental cues, that influence enzymes responsible for adding or removing chemical tags on DNA or histones. For instance, certain interventions can increase the expression of sirtuin genes, which are involved in DNA repair and metabolic regulation, or optimize the expression of genes responsible for growth factor production and cellular stress resistance.
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