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Enteric Nervous System

Meaning

The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) is a semi-autonomous division of the nervous system composed of an intricate network of neurons embedded within the walls of the gastrointestinal tract, often referred to as the “second brain.” It is responsible for directly controlling gut motility, local blood flow, and mucosal secretions. Functioning independently of the central nervous system, yet maintaining communication via the vagus nerve, the ENS plays a critical, bidirectional role in the gut-brain axis, profoundly influencing mood, immune function, and nutrient absorption. Optimal hormonal health is intrinsically linked to a well-functioning ENS.