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Energy Metabolism in Neurons

Meaning

Energy Metabolism in Neurons describes the highly specialized biochemical pathways within nerve cells responsible for generating the vast amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) required for electrochemical signaling and structural maintenance. Neurons are obligate aerobes with an exceptionally high metabolic rate, primarily utilizing glucose, which is supplied and processed in coordination with adjacent glial cells. This metabolic activity underpins all neurological function, including action potential generation, neurotransmitter synthesis, and synaptic plasticity. Maintaining efficient neuronal energy metabolism is non-negotiable for preserving cognitive health and preventing neurodegeneration.