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Endotoxemia

Meaning

Endotoxemia is a clinical state characterized by the presence of endotoxins, specifically lipopolysaccharide (LPS) components derived from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, circulating in the bloodstream. This condition is often a consequence of increased intestinal permeability, commonly referred to as “leaky gut,” allowing bacterial products from the gut microbiota to translocate into the systemic circulation. Even low-grade, chronic endotoxemia can trigger a sustained, low-level inflammatory response, contributing to systemic conditions such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and hormonal dysregulation. It is a key factor linking gut health directly to overall metabolic and endocrine function.