What is the Origin of Endothelial Integrity?

The term combines "endothelial," derived from Greek words meaning "within" and "nipple/membrane," referring to the innermost lining, and "integrity," from the Latin integritatem, meaning wholeness or completeness. This anatomical and physiological concept is central to vascular biology, emphasizing the crucial barrier function and signaling role of this cellular layer. In endocrinology, its health is directly linked to hormonal balance and metabolic signaling.

What is the Mechanism of Endothelial Integrity?

Maintaining endothelial integrity relies on complex paracrine signaling and the proper function of intercellular tight junctions. A key mechanism is the balanced production of vasodilators, primarily nitric oxide (NO), and vasoconstrictors, such as endothelin-1. Hormones like estrogen can promote NO bioavailability, supporting a healthy, relaxed vessel state. Conversely, chronic conditions like hyperglycemia and inflammation lead to endothelial dysfunction, characterized by impaired NO signaling and increased permeability, compromising the vessel wall's protective function.

Endothelial Integrity

Meaning

Endothelial integrity refers to the healthy, unbroken, and functional state of the endothelium, the single layer of cells lining the interior surface of all blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. This integrity is paramount for regulating vascular tone, maintaining the non-thrombogenic surface of the blood, and controlling the passage of substances between the blood and surrounding tissues. Its disruption is a fundamental precursor to most forms of cardiovascular disease and metabolic dysfunction.