What is the Origin of Endothelial Function Testing?

The practice emerged from cardiology and vascular biology, recognizing that endothelial dysfunction, which is a failure to properly relax and dilate, is a key precursor to atherosclerosis and hypertension. The endothelium is also a significant target for numerous hormonal signaling molecules.

What is the Mechanism of Endothelial Function Testing?

Common methodologies, such as Flow-Mediated Dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, assess the release of potent vasoactive substances, primarily nitric oxide (NO), in response to transient increases in shear stress. Optimal endothelial function reflects robust NO bioavailability, which is positively influenced by balanced sex hormones and low inflammatory states, promoting optimal blood flow and cardiovascular longevity.

Endothelial Function Testing ∞ Area

Endothelial Function Testing

Meaning

A non-invasive clinical assessment used to evaluate the health and responsiveness of the endothelium, the thin layer of cells lining the blood vessels, which is a critical early indicator of cardiovascular risk and systemic microcirculatory health. This precise test measures the vessel’s capacity for appropriate vasodilation in response to a stimulus. Endothelial function is a powerful predictor of long-term vascular outcomes.