What is the Origin of Endothelial Function Markers?

This concept originates from cardiovascular physiology and clinical pathology, recognizing endothelial dysfunction as an early, pivotal event in the pathogenesis of numerous chronic diseases, including atherosclerosis and hypertension. The application of these markers has expanded into the longevity and wellness space as early indicators of biological aging and systemic inflammation. This is a crucial element in preventative medicine.

What is the Mechanism of Endothelial Function Markers?

Key markers include circulating levels of nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, which signal vasodilation, and endothelin-1, which signals vasoconstriction. Other markers involve adhesion molecules, such as VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, which indicate inflammatory activation of the endothelium, and von Willebrand factor, which reflects endothelial injury. Hormonal imbalances, particularly those involving estrogen and testosterone, can directly influence the expression and activity of the enzymes responsible for these markers, thereby impacting vascular tone.

Endothelial Function Markers ∞ Area

Endothelial Function Markers

Meaning

Endothelial Function Markers are a measurable panel of biochemical substances or physiological indices used in clinical practice to assess the health and functional integrity of the endothelium, the single-cell layer lining all blood vessels. These markers reflect the balance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction, pro- and anti-inflammatory states, and the tendency toward thrombosis. Evaluating these markers provides critical insight into systemic vascular health, which is intimately linked to hormonal and metabolic status.