What is the Origin of Endometrial Polyps?

The term is rooted in gynecological pathology, with 'endometrial' referring to the inner lining of the uterus and 'polyp' derived from the Greek 'polypous' (many-footed), describing the pedunculated or sessile appearance of the growth. The recognition of these growths as a distinct clinical entity is tied to advancements in hysteroscopy and transvaginal ultrasound imaging.

What is the Mechanism of Endometrial Polyps?

The primary mechanism driving the formation of endometrial polyps is localized, excessive proliferation of the endometrial basal layer, often stimulated by unopposed or imbalanced estrogenic action. Estrogen promotes the growth of the endometrium, while insufficient progesterone fails to induce the necessary secretory changes and subsequent shedding. This chronic, localized stimulation leads to hyperplastic growth and the eventual formation of the polyp structure.

Endometrial Polyps ∞ Area

Endometrial Polyps

Meaning

Endometrial Polyps are benign, localized overgrowths of the endometrial tissue, the hormonally sensitive lining of the uterus, that protrude into the uterine cavity. These growths consist of endometrial glands, stroma, and blood vessels, and they can vary significantly in size and number. Clinically, they are a common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding, including intermenstrual bleeding, and may interfere with fertility or embryo implantation.