What is the Origin of Endogenous Androgens?

The term combines "endogenous," meaning "originating within the organism," and "androgen," derived from the Greek andros (man) and -genes (producing). The identification and characterization of these native sex steroids are central to the foundation of modern endocrinology.

What is the Mechanism of Endogenous Androgens?

Androgens are synthesized from cholesterol through a series of enzymatic steps, a process known as steroidogenesis. Once released into circulation, they travel bound to carrier proteins, such as Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG). The mechanism of action involves diffusing across the cell membrane and binding to the intracellular androgen receptor, forming a complex that translocates to the nucleus to modulate gene transcription, thereby regulating the synthesis of specific proteins and mediating physiological effects.

Endogenous Androgens ∞ Area

Endogenous Androgens

Meaning

Endogenous androgens are the naturally occurring steroid hormones within the human body that primarily regulate the development and maintenance of male characteristics, though they are vital for health in all sexes. These lipophilic signaling molecules, including testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), are synthesized primarily in the testes, ovaries, and adrenal cortex. They exert widespread pleiotropic effects on muscle mass, bone density, libido, and erythropoiesis by binding to intracellular androgen receptors.