What is the Origin of Endogenous Androgen Synthesis?

The phrase is derived from "endogenous," meaning originating from within the organism, and "androgen synthesis," referring to the multi-step biochemical creation of male sex hormones. This concept is a cornerstone of classical endocrinology, tracing back to the isolation and characterization of testosterone and the subsequent mapping of the steroidogenic pathways in the mid-20th century.

What is the Mechanism of Endogenous Androgen Synthesis?

The synthesis pathway begins with cholesterol, which is converted to pregnenolone, a crucial precursor, within the mitochondria of steroidogenic cells. Subsequent enzymatic steps, including the action of 17α-hydroxylase and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, convert pregnenolone through intermediate steroids like DHEA and androstenedione, ultimately yielding testosterone. This process is tightly regulated by the pituitary hormone Luteinizing Hormone (LH) via the HPG axis, ensuring homeostatic control.

Endogenous Androgen Synthesis ∞ Area

Endogenous Androgen Synthesis

Meaning

This term describes the natural, internal biochemical process within the human body responsible for the creation of androgenic hormones, such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This intricate steroidogenesis pathway occurs primarily in the Leydig cells of the testes in males and, to a lesser extent, in the adrenal glands and ovaries in both sexes. Maintaining robust endogenous synthesis is central to sexual function, muscle mass, bone density, and overall metabolic health.