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Endocytosis

Meaning

Endocytosis is a fundamental cellular process by which cells internalize molecules, particles, and even other cells from the external environment by engulfing them in a section of the plasma membrane. This mechanism is crucial for nutrient uptake, signal transduction, and the regulation of cell surface receptor density. In the context of endocrinology, endocytosis plays a vital role in terminating hormonal signaling by removing activated hormone-receptor complexes from the cell surface. This precise regulation prevents overstimulation and ensures the cell remains responsive to future hormonal signals.