What is the Origin of Endocrine Stress?

The concept of "stress" was popularized in endocrinology by Hans Selye, describing the body's non-specific response to any demand. The term "Endocrine Stress" specifically grounds this concept within the hormonal signaling pathways, distinguishing it from purely psychological or mechanical stress. This precise terminology emphasizes the direct physiological burden on hormone-producing glands.

What is the Mechanism of Endocrine Stress?

The primary mechanism involves the activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS). The hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), stimulating ACTH release from the pituitary, which in turn prompts adrenal cortisol secretion. Chronic or severe stressors lead to prolonged cortisol elevation, potentially disrupting thyroid function, reproductive hormone pulsatility, and insulin sensitivity through receptor cross-talk and negative feedback dysregulation.

Endocrine Stress ∞ Area

Endocrine Stress

Meaning

Endocrine Stress is defined as any physiological demand or environmental perturbation that necessitates an adaptive response from the neuroendocrine system to maintain homeostasis. This encompasses metabolic stress, thermal challenges, psychological distress, and physical exertion, all of which trigger the release of hormones like cortisol and catecholamines. Sustained endocrine stress can lead to allostatic overload, resulting in glandular fatigue and dysregulation of downstream hormonal axes.