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Electrolyte Balance

Meaning

Electrolyte Balance refers to the precise homeostatic regulation of the concentration of charged minerals, such as sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, and magnesium, within the body’s fluids. These electrolytes are crucial for numerous physiological processes, including nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and maintaining proper fluid distribution across cell membranes. A state of optimal balance is essential for cardiovascular health, neurological function, and renal integrity. Hormones, particularly aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH), play a central role in governing the renal excretion and reabsorption of these ions. Imbalances, whether deficits or excesses, can lead to serious clinical consequences, including cardiac arrhythmias and neurological impairment.