The neurocognitive function encompassing the encoding, consolidation, and long-term retention of explicit memories related to facts (semantic memory) and personal events (episodic memory). This form of memory requires conscious recall and is essential for higher-order cognition.
Origin
This term is a cornerstone of cognitive neuroscience, distinguishing between explicit (declarative) and implicit (non-declarative) memory systems. The hippocampus is widely recognized as the crucial brain region for the initial encoding and consolidation of this memory type.
Mechanism
Storage involves a sequence of molecular events, including the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal synapses, which leads to structural and functional changes in neuronal connectivity. Hormones, particularly glucocorticoids and sex steroids, modulate the consolidation process, especially during sleep. Effective memory storage is a biomarker for optimal neuroendocrine and cognitive health.
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