What is the Origin of Cytokine Model?

This model is a product of the converging fields of neuroimmunology and endocrinology, acknowledging that the traditional view of these systems operating in isolation is incomplete. Research established that immune cells produce and respond to many of the same signaling molecules, including hormones and cytokines, thereby creating a complex, integrated network.

What is the Mechanism of Cytokine Model?

Cytokines, such as interleukins and tumor necrosis factor, can directly influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, altering the secretion of cortisol and other stress hormones. Furthermore, they can interfere with peripheral hormone action by promoting insulin resistance or modulating the activity of deiodinase enzymes, thereby affecting thyroid hormone conversion. This inflammatory interference often leads to a state of hormonal dysregulation.

Cytokine Model ∞ Area

Cytokine Model

Meaning

The Cytokine Model, in the context of hormonal health, is a conceptual framework that elucidates how inflammatory signaling molecules, known as cytokines, serve as key communication links between the immune system and the endocrine system. This model recognizes that chronic, low-grade inflammation can significantly disrupt hormonal balance and contribute to metabolic and endocrine disorders. It provides a biological basis for the profound systemic effects of inflammation.

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