What is the Origin of Cxcr4 Receptor?

The designation Cxcr4 is derived from its structural classification within the chemokine receptor family, where 'C-X-C' refers to the arrangement of cysteine residues in its ligand. The receptor's function was initially identified in the immune system, but its widespread expression quickly expanded its clinical relevance across multiple physiological systems. Understanding this receptor is key to comprehending complex cell-to-cell communication in health and disease.

What is the Mechanism of Cxcr4 Receptor?

The binding of its primary ligand, CXCL12, initiates a signal transduction cascade through the coupled G-protein, leading to the activation of downstream pathways such as the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways. This activation is crucial for directing the migration of stem cells and immune cells to sites of injury or inflammation, a process called chemotaxis. Aberrant signaling through the Cxcr4 receptor can promote angiogenesis and cell proliferation, often exploited by malignant cells for invasion and metastatic spread.

Cxcr4 Receptor

Meaning

The C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4, a G-protein coupled receptor widely expressed on various cell types, including hematopoietic, endothelial, and epithelial cells. This receptor is primarily known for binding the chemokine ligand CXCL12, also called stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). In the context of hormonal health and longevity, its signaling pathway is implicated in immune cell trafficking, tissue regeneration, and various disease processes, including the metastasis of hormone-sensitive cancers. It plays a pivotal role in cellular migration and homing.