What is the Origin of Cutaneous Vasodilation Response?

The term combines 'cutaneous,' relating to the skin, and 'vasodilation,' the medical term for the widening of blood vessels, originating from the Greek words vas for vessel and dilatare for widening. The concept is central to the field of human physiology, specifically within the study of homeostatic control and autonomic nervous system function in temperature regulation.

What is the Mechanism of Cutaneous Vasodilation Response?

The central nervous system, specifically the preoptic area of the hypothalamus, detects an increase in core body temperature and initiates the response. Sympathetic cholinergic nerves release acetylcholine, which acts on endothelial cells in the cutaneous arterioles. This signaling cascade triggers the production of nitric oxide (NO) and other vasodilators, leading to smooth muscle relaxation and the resultant widening of the vessels to shunt warm blood closer to the skin's surface for cooling.

Cutaneous Vasodilation Response ∞ Area

Cutaneous Vasodilation Response

Meaning

A fundamental thermoregulatory physiological reaction characterized by the widening of blood vessels within the skin’s dermal layer. This controlled increase in superficial blood flow facilitates the transfer of core body heat to the skin surface, enabling heat dissipation to the environment through convection and radiation. This response is a primary mechanism for preventing hyperthermia and maintaining a stable core body temperature.