Question 1

What is the Meaning of CRISPR-Cas9 Technology?

Accepted Answer

CRISPR-Cas9 Technology is a revolutionary molecular tool, fundamentally derived from a naturally occurring bacterial immune system, that enables scientists to precisely edit or modify specific sequences of DNA within a living cell. It operates effectively as a highly accurate pair of molecular scissors, facilitating the precise addition, deletion, or alteration of genetic material at predetermined genomic locations. This technology holds immense clinical promise for treating various hormonal and age-related diseases caused by underlying genetic mutations.

Question 2

What is the Origin of CRISPR-Cas9 Technology?

Accepted Answer

CRISPR is an acronym for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, which are specific segments of prokaryotic DNA containing short, repeating sequences. Cas9 is the associated protein that functions as the DNA-cutting endonuclease. The system was originally characterized as a bacterial defense mechanism, and its repurposing for targeted gene editing constituted a major scientific breakthrough in the early 2010s.

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of CRISPR-Cas9 Technology?

Accepted Answer

The core editing mechanism involves a synthetic guide RNA (gRNA) molecule, which is meticulously engineered to match the target DNA sequence, guiding the Cas9 enzyme to the precise location on the host genome. Once correctly positioned at the target site, Cas9 creates a clean double-strand break in the DNA helix. The cell's intrinsic DNA repair mechanisms then utilize this break to implement the desired genetic correction, thereby altering the expression of a specific gene.

CRISPR-Cas9 Technology

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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