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Cortisol Impact on PFC

Meaning

Cortisol impact on PFC describes the direct and indirect modulatory effects of the primary glucocorticoid, cortisol, on the structure and function of the Prefrontal Cortex. The PFC, responsible for executive functions like working memory, decision-making, and emotional regulation, is highly sensitive to cortisol fluctuations due to the dense concentration of glucocorticoid receptors. Acute, transient cortisol elevations can enhance consolidation of emotional memories, but chronic or excessive exposure is clinically associated with structural atrophy and functional impairment in this critical brain region. This endocrine-driven alteration in PFC function contributes significantly to stress-related cognitive deficits and mood disorders.