Question 1

What is the Meaning of Cortisol Feedback Inhibition?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol Feedback Inhibition describes the precise, self-regulating mechanism wherein circulating cortisol acts upon the hypothalamus and pituitary to modulate its own secretion rate via the HPA axis. This is a classic example of negative feedback, essential for preventing chronic hypercortisolemia and maintaining circadian rhythmicity. When cortisol levels rise above a set point, the sensitivity or activity of CRH and ACTH release is diminished, thus normalizing the system. Effective feedback inhibition is a hallmark of a resilient HPA axis, supporting overall metabolic and immune regulation. Conversely, impaired inhibition is central to conditions like Cushing's syndrome.

Question 2

What is the Origin of Cortisol Feedback Inhibition?

Accepted Answer

This mechanism is a cornerstone of endocrinology, first elucidated through classical physiological studies demonstrating the body's ability to self-regulate stress hormone levels. The term 'feedback' refers to the signal loop returning to the source, and 'inhibition' denotes the resulting reduction in output. Cortisol, derived from the adrenal cortex, acts as the primary negative signal in this loop. Understanding this intrinsic control is foundational to interpreting adrenal function tests. It represents biological self-governance at the highest level of the stress response system.

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of Cortisol Feedback Inhibition?

Accepted Answer

The mechanism involves cortisol binding to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors within paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neurons of the hypothalamus and corticotroph cells of the anterior pituitary. In the hypothalamus, this binding increases the transcription of inhibitory factors that suppress CRH release, effectively slowing the entire cascade. Simultaneously, elevated cortisol directly blunts the pituitary's responsiveness to existing CRH signals, reducing ACTH synthesis and secretion. This dual-site inhibition ensures a rapid and effective reduction in circulating glucocorticoid concentrations when they are no longer required. Variations in receptor expression or intracellular signaling fidelity directly influence the efficiency of this crucial regulatory process.

Cortisol Feedback Inhibition

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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