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Cortical Bone Density

Meaning

Cortical Bone Density refers to the mineral content and structural integrity of the compact, dense outer layer of bone tissue, which provides the primary mechanical strength and rigidity to the skeleton. This measure, typically assessed using Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), is a crucial clinical indicator of skeletal health and fracture risk, distinct from the internal trabecular bone. Hormonal factors, particularly estrogen and testosterone, exert a significant regulatory influence on the maintenance of this dense bone matrix throughout adulthood. Progressive loss of this density is a hallmark of age-related and endocrine-related osteopenia and osteoporosis.