The complex biochemical communication network originating from and within the connective tissues, such as bone, cartilage, tendons, and the extracellular matrix. This signaling involves the release of specific molecules, including growth factors, cytokines, and matrix metalloproteinases, which influence tissue remodeling, repair, and the structural integrity of the body. It is a critical component of mechanotransduction, translating physical forces into biochemical responses that impact systemic health.
Origin
The term integrates the histological classification of “connective tissue” with the biological process of “signaling,” acknowledging that these structural elements are metabolically active endocrine-like organs. Its clinical relevance has grown with the recognition of molecules like osteocalcin, which is produced by bone cells and acts as a hormone, influencing energy metabolism and male fertility. This perspective shifts connective tissue from passive support to active endocrine participant.
Mechanism
Mechanical stress on connective tissue cells, like fibroblasts or osteocytes, triggers the release of local signaling molecules that regulate the synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix components, such as collagen and elastin. Hormones, including estrogens and androgens, also bind to receptors on these cells, directly modulating their activity and the expression of their signaling factors. This continuous molecular dialogue ensures that tissue structure dynamically adapts to both mechanical loading and systemic hormonal status.
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