A neurophysiological metric quantifying the efficiency and velocity of information processing within the central nervous system, encompassing attention, working memory, and executive function. This speed reflects the integrity of neuronal signaling, synaptic plasticity, and cerebral blood flow, all of which are significantly influenced by neuroendocrine status. It is a critical functional biomarker for assessing brain health and cognitive reserve.
Origin
The term is derived from cognitive psychology and computational neuroscience, where “throughput” refers to the rate of processing. Its clinical relevance in hormonal health highlights the dependency of neuronal metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis on optimal endocrine signaling, such as thyroid and steroid hormones. This measurement provides a functional readout of brain efficiency.
Mechanism
Optimal cognitive throughput speed relies on efficient signal transduction, which is supported by hormones like estrogen, testosterone, and thyroid hormones that regulate neuronal growth and myelination. These hormones modulate the synthesis of key neurotransmitters and maintain mitochondrial function in neurons. Declines in throughput are often mechanistically linked to reduced cerebral energy metabolism and compromised neurovascular coupling.
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