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Cognitive Signaling Molecules

Meaning

Cognitive Signaling Molecules are the diverse array of neurochemicals, neuropeptides, and hormones that regulate and mediate higher-order brain functions such as memory, attention, executive function, and mood. These molecules act as chemical messengers, transmitting, amplifying, or modulating signals across synapses and throughout neural networks. Key examples include classical neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin, alongside neuropeptides and neurosteroids which exert potent modulatory effects on neuronal excitability and plasticity. Optimal cognitive function is directly dependent on the precise balance and dynamic release of these signaling agents.