Cognitive Signal Modulation refers to the direct influence that systemic chemical messengers, particularly neurosteroids and specific pituitary hormones, exert on the efficiency and plasticity of neural networks within the central nervous system. This process explains how our internal chemical milieu shapes thought, mood, and memory function. It is the bridge between endocrinology and cognitive performance.
Origin
This term emerges from the interdisciplinary field of psychoneuroendocrinology, examining the bidirectional communication between the brain and the endocrine system. It acknowledges that hormones are not just systemic regulators but also potent neuromodulators.
Mechanism
Hormones cross the blood-brain barrier or signal via neural pathways to influence synaptic function. For example, estrogen can modulate NMDA receptor activity, enhancing synaptic plasticity necessary for learning and memory consolidation. Conversely, chronically elevated cortisol can impair hippocampal function by altering dendritic morphology, thus modulating cognitive throughput.
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