Chronological entropy is a concept describing the inevitable, time-dependent accumulation of molecular and cellular disorder within a biological system, representing the physical manifestation of aging as predicted by the second law of thermodynamics. In human physiology, this translates to a progressive decline in homeostatic capacity, marked by increased cellular senescence, telomere shortening, and epigenetic drift. This systemic disorder ultimately reduces the organism’s resilience and increases susceptibility to age-related disease.
Origin
The term combines ‘chronological,’ referring to the passage of time, with ‘entropy,’ a thermodynamic concept quantifying disorder or randomness in a system. Its application to aging models originated in biophysics and systems biology, providing a framework to understand biological aging as a process of increasing functional randomness and decreasing information fidelity. This model is critical in longevity medicine for measuring the overall burden of aging.
Mechanism
At the endocrine level, chronological entropy manifests as dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes, leading to reduced hormone synthesis and altered feedback loops. Increased systemic inflammation, often termed inflammaging, is a key driver, accelerating the degradation of cellular machinery and compromising DNA repair mechanisms. Clinical interventions aim to slow this entropic process by restoring cellular order and optimizing metabolic efficiency.
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