The Chronological Age Gap represents the quantitative difference between an individual’s calendar age and their calculated biological age, often derived from epigenetic markers or specific physiological biomarkers. A positive gap indicates that the body’s biological systems are functioning at a level considered older than the calendar years, while a negative gap suggests a more youthful biological status. Clinically, this disparity serves as a potent indicator of accumulated lifestyle and genetic impact on the pace of aging.
Origin
This concept emerged from the field of biogerontology, driven by the understanding that aging is not a uniform process but a highly variable phenomenon influenced by genetics and environment. The development of reliable biological clocks, such as DNA methylation assays, made this metric a practical clinical tool.
Mechanism
The gap reflects the net effect of various aging mechanisms, including telomere attrition, cellular senescence, and chronic low-grade inflammation, which are often profoundly influenced by endocrine dysregulation. Hormonal imbalances, such as sustained hypercortisolemia or declining DHEA levels, can accelerate the biological aging process, thereby widening the chronological age gap. Addressing these hormonal factors is a direct strategy for biological age reduction.
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