What is the Origin of Chronic Physiological Strain?

The term integrates concepts from stress physiology, particularly Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome, and the more contemporary model of allostasis and allostatic load developed by McEwen. Physiological strain is the measurable physical response to psychological or environmental demands. The "chronic" modifier emphasizes the detrimental long-term nature of unremitted stress on endocrine and cardiovascular systems.

What is the Mechanism of Chronic Physiological Strain?

The mechanism involves the continuous release of stress hormones, primarily cortisol, which initially promotes adaptation but becomes destructive over time. Sustained high cortisol levels desensitize glucocorticoid receptors, impairing the negative feedback loop of the HPA axis. This prolonged hormonal signaling alters glucose metabolism, promotes visceral fat deposition, and suppresses immune function, ultimately accelerating biological aging and disease risk.

Chronic Physiological Strain ∞ Area

Chronic Physiological Strain

Meaning

Chronic Physiological Strain describes the sustained, cumulative burden placed upon the body’s allostatic systems, particularly the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, due to prolonged exposure to stressors. This state of persistent activation leads to an eventual dysregulation of key homeostatic mechanisms, resulting in wear-and-tear known as allostatic load. It is a precursor to numerous health issues, including metabolic dysfunction, immune system compromise, and hormonal imbalance. Identifying and mitigating this strain is a core goal in preventative health.