The synchronized release, transport, receptor binding, and clearance of multiple signaling molecules, including hormones, neurotransmitters, and cytokines, across various physiological systems. Effective coordination is vital for maintaining dynamic physiological balance and ensuring appropriate systemic responses to both internal and external stimuli. Disruptions in this intricate communication network can lead to widespread health dysregulation.
Origin
The term is derived from the foundational concepts of physiology and endocrinology, where ‘chemical messengers’ are the primary means of communication between cells and organs. ‘Coordination’ highlights the necessity of these messengers working together in a precise temporal and quantitative manner, a principle recognized since the early study of endocrine feedback loops. It emphasizes the holistic nature of the body’s internal signaling.
Mechanism
Coordination operates through a complex system of positive and negative feedback loops, often involving the hypothalamic-pituitary axes and their target glands. For example, the adrenal stress response requires the precise timing of CRH, ACTH, and cortisol release. Hormones can also modulate the sensitivity of receptors for other messengers, creating a layered system where the signal’s effect is context-dependent, necessitating fine-tuned control for optimal function.
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