A collection of highly conserved biochemical signaling cascades and molecular processes responsible for the repair, replacement, and proliferation of damaged or senescent cells and tissues. These pathways are the biological foundation of healing and tissue maintenance throughout the lifespan. They represent the body’s innate capacity to restore structural and functional integrity following injury or age-related decline.
Origin
The concept originates from molecular biology and developmental biology, recognizing that organisms possess inherent mechanisms for self-renewal. The term “regeneration” is derived from the Latin regenerare, meaning “to bring forth again.” Clinical interest lies in harnessing these intrinsic pathways to enhance healing and combat age-related functional decline.
Mechanism
These pathways involve a complex orchestration of growth factors, cytokines, and transcription factors that coordinate the cellular response. Key components often include the activation of stem cell niches, the controlled proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells, and the precise removal of damaged cellular debris. Hormones, such as Growth Hormone and IGF-1, act as potent systemic regulators, influencing the rate and efficacy of these regenerative processes across various organ systems.
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