A process, often induced by specific biological stimuli or compounds, designed to reset or restore the functional state of aging cells to a more youthful phenotype. This involves correcting accumulated epigenetic errors and restoring optimal organelle function, particularly mitochondrial health and proteostasis. Cellular recalibration is a goal of regenerative and longevity medicine, aiming to reverse cellular senescence rather than merely slowing its progression. This fundamental shift in cellular operation supports systemic health and vitality.
Origin
The term stems from the concepts of cellular senescence and the discovery of reprogramming factors, such as the Yamanaka factors, which can revert adult cells to a pluripotent stem-cell state. “Recalibration” offers a clinical and less aggressive term than “reprogramming,” suggesting a return to a healthy set point. It is a key conceptual framework in therapeutic epigenetics.
Mechanism
This process operates primarily through epigenetic mechanisms, including the removal of aberrant DNA methylation marks and the restructuring of chromatin conformation to reactivate silenced youth-associated genes. It also involves activating cellular quality control systems like autophagy and mitophagy to clear damaged components. This ensures the cellular machinery, including hormone receptors, functions with youthful precision and metabolic efficiency.
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