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Cellular Mitochondrial Efficiency

Meaning

Cellular mitochondrial efficiency is a measure of how effectively the mitochondria, the cell’s powerhouses, convert metabolic substrates—primarily glucose and fatty acids—into usable chemical energy in the form of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). High efficiency implies minimal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) relative to the ATP generated, leading to less oxidative stress and reduced cellular damage. This metric is fundamental to systemic energy levels, tissue function, and overall biological longevity. It is a critical determinant of organ reserve capacity.