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Cellular Microenvironment

Meaning

The cellular microenvironment is the immediate biochemical, physical, and structural milieu surrounding every cell within a tissue or organ. This complex local ecosystem includes the extracellular matrix, adjacent cells, secreted factors like hormones and cytokines, and mechanical forces. Understanding this environment is critical because it dictates cellular behavior, including differentiation, proliferation, and response to endocrine signals, profoundly influencing overall tissue health and longevity.