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Cellular Glucose Uptake

Meaning

Cellular glucose uptake is the fundamental physiological process by which glucose, the primary circulating monosaccharide energy source, is transported from the bloodstream across the plasma membrane into various cell types. This critical action is primarily regulated by the pancreatic hormone insulin, which signals cells to deploy glucose transporter proteins (GLUTs) to the cell surface. Efficient glucose uptake is essential for maintaining systemic energy homeostasis and preventing hyperglycemia, which can lead to metabolic dysfunction. Impairments in this process are the hallmark of insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.