The scientific and clinical pursuit of restoring aged or senescent cells to a more youthful, functionally active state, effectively decreasing the biological age of tissues and organs. This process aims to undo the accumulation of cellular damage and dysfunction that characterizes senescence, thereby improving overall physiological capacity. It represents a frontier in longevity research, moving beyond merely slowing aging to actively reversing its cellular manifestations.
Origin
The concept stems from foundational discoveries in gerontology and molecular biology, particularly the identification of cellular senescence and the role of telomeres and epigenetic changes in the aging process. The term “reversal” gained traction with the advent of therapies capable of clearing senescent cells or reprogramming cellular identity, shifting the paradigm from simple anti-aging to restorative biology.
Mechanism
The primary mechanisms involve epigenetic reprogramming, senolytic therapy, and restoration of mitochondrial integrity. Epigenetic interventions aim to reset the cellular clock by modifying DNA methylation patterns without altering the underlying genetic code. Senolytic agents selectively induce apoptosis in senescent cells, thereby reducing the pro-inflammatory secretome that drives tissue degradation and systemic aging.
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