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Cellular Adaptation

Meaning

Cellular adaptation is the intrinsic, reversible process by which a cell adjusts its structure or function in response to chronic physiological stresses or environmental changes to maintain viability and equilibrium. This response can manifest as atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, or metaplasia, depending on the nature and intensity of the stimulus. The ability of cells to adapt is fundamental to tissue remodeling, organ maintenance, and the body’s overall resilience to aging and disease. This process is constantly regulated by local and systemic hormonal signals.