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Caveolae

Meaning

Caveolae are specialized, small, flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane, the outer boundary of many cell types, including adipocytes and endothelial cells, which function as critical signaling platforms. These structures compartmentalize and organize specific cellular receptors and regulatory proteins, playing a vital role in processes like endocytosis and signal transduction. In the context of hormonal health, caveolae are particularly important for modulating the action of numerous hormone receptors, including those for insulin and sex steroids.