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Catabolic Response

Meaning

The catabolic response is a metabolic state characterized by the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler substances, typically resulting in the release of energy and a net loss of tissue mass. This physiological reaction is often triggered by acute stress, injury, illness, or prolonged energy deficit, signaling the body to mobilize stored resources. Hormonally, it is driven by an increase in catabolic hormones like cortisol and glucagon, alongside a relative decrease in anabolic hormones such as insulin and growth hormone. Sustained catabolism can lead to significant muscle wasting and impaired recovery, which is a major clinical concern.