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Catabolic Energy Mobilization

Meaning

Catabolic Energy Mobilization is the acute physiological process by which the body breaks down complex stored macromolecules, specifically glycogen, triglycerides, and proteins, into simpler compounds to generate immediate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy expenditure during periods of heightened demand or nutrient deprivation. This process is centrally regulated by catabolic hormones, such as cortisol, glucagon, and catecholamines, which signal the need to release energy reserves from peripheral tissues into the circulation. While essential for survival and acute performance, prolonged or excessive mobilization can lead to detrimental outcomes, including muscle wasting and chronic stress on metabolic systems.