What is the Origin of Cartilage Repair?

The concept of cartilage repair has evolved significantly from early surgical debridement techniques to modern biological and regenerative medicine approaches. Etymologically, 'cartilage' derives from the Latin cartilago, referring to the gristle-like tissue, while 'repair' speaks to the goal of restoring a damaged structure. Contemporary protocols are informed by advances in cellular biology and biomaterials science, seeking to overcome the tissue's inherent avascular nature.

What is the Mechanism of Cartilage Repair?

Repair mechanisms can be stimulated endogenously or via exogenous clinical interventions. Endogenous processes involve the migration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or chondroprogenitor cells to the defect site, followed by their differentiation into chondrocytes and subsequent matrix production. Clinical interventions often utilize growth factors, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), or cell-based therapies to augment this natural process. The objective is to produce hyaline-like cartilage that can withstand physiological loading and restore joint biomechanics.

Cartilage Repair ∞ Area

Cartilage Repair

Meaning

Cartilage repair refers to the physiological and clinical processes aimed at restoring the structural integrity and functional capacity of damaged articular or non-articular cartilage tissue. Articular cartilage, specifically, lacks a direct blood supply, making its natural healing capacity inherently limited and challenging to stimulate effectively. Clinical strategies often involve encouraging chondrocyte proliferation or introducing exogenous cellular components to rebuild the extracellular matrix. Successful repair is critical for maintaining joint mobility and reducing chronic pain associated with conditions like osteoarthritis.