What is the Origin of Cardiovascular Response?

The term is foundational to human physiology and clinical cardiology, describing the coordinated function of the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system on the circulatory apparatus. It derives from the Greek kardia for heart and the Latin vasculum for small vessel, signifying the combined system's action. Hormones like adrenaline, noradrenaline, and thyroid hormones are key modulators of this function.

What is the Mechanism of Cardiovascular Response?

Hormonal and neural signals trigger changes in myocardial contractility and vessel diameter. For example, sympathetic nervous system activation releases catecholamines, binding to beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart to increase chronotropy and inotropy, while simultaneously causing peripheral vasoconstriction. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system further fine-tunes blood pressure by regulating fluid balance and vascular tone, directly influencing the long-term adaptive capacity of the cardiovascular system.

Cardiovascular Response

Meaning

Cardiovascular response refers to the dynamic changes in heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and systemic vascular resistance that occur in reaction to internal or external stimuli. This physiological adaptation ensures adequate tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery under varying metabolic demands, such as during exercise or emotional stress. The integrity of this response is a critical indicator of overall vascular and cardiac health.

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Cardiovascular Response

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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