Cardiorespiratory coherence describes a state of optimal physiological function where the heart rate variability (HRV) and the respiratory rhythm synchronize, creating a smooth, sinusoidal pattern in the heart rate. This synchronized state indicates a highly efficient and balanced interaction between the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Achieving this coherence is clinically associated with reduced stress, improved emotional regulation, and enhanced hormonal balance, particularly concerning the HPA axis. It serves as a quantifiable marker of autonomic nervous system resilience and overall physiological health.
Origin
The term emerged from psychophysiology and biofeedback research, specifically the study of heart rate variability and its relationship to breathing patterns and emotional states. Coherence training protocols are rooted in the understanding that the rhythmic interplay between the cardiovascular and respiratory systems can be consciously influenced to improve autonomic control. This field provides a measurable link between mental state and physical function, underscoring the mind-body connection.
Mechanism
The mechanism involves leveraging the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), the natural increase and decrease in heart rate during the breathing cycle. When the breathing rate slows to approximately five to seven breaths per minute, it aligns with the natural frequency of the baroreflex loop, maximizing the efficiency of the vagus nerve stimulation. This resonance amplifies the parasympathetic influence, dampening sympathetic overdrive and promoting a state of calm and optimal hormonal signaling throughout the body.
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