Question 1

What is the Meaning of Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor?

Accepted Answer

Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor, commonly abbreviated as BDNF, is a key neurotrophin protein supporting the survival, differentiation, and plasticity of existing neurons and synapses. Its presence is vital for long-term potentiation, the cellular basis of learning and memory formation. Low levels are consistently correlated with various cognitive and mood disorders, underscoring its importance in neurological health. This factor acts as a crucial trophic signal within the central nervous system.

Question 2

What is the Origin of Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor?

Accepted Answer

BDNF was first identified through research into factors produced by the brain that support neuronal growth, hence its descriptive name indicating its source and function. It belongs to the neurotrophin family, which includes nerve growth factor (NGF) and neurotrophin-3. The discovery emphasized that the brain actively secretes molecules to maintain its own structural integrity. Its nomenclature clearly defines its role as a supportive agent for brain structures.

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor?

Accepted Answer

BDNF exerts its effects by binding to the high-affinity receptor TrkB (tropomyosin receptor kinase B) located on neuronal surfaces. This binding initiates intracellular signaling cascades, often involving the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, which promote gene transcription related to synaptic strength and neuronal survival. Increased signaling enhances synaptogenesis and dendritic arborization, facilitating neuroplasticity in response to experience. Furthermore, BDNF signaling can be upregulated by physical activity and specific hormonal states, linking lifestyle factors to cognitive maintenance.

Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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