What is the Origin of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Signaling?

The factor itself was first isolated and characterized in the early 1980s, establishing its role as a growth factor for brain cells. The concept of 'signaling' stems from general cell biology, denoting the transmission of information from the cell exterior to its interior. This term specifically marries the biological entity with its functional communication process.

What is the Mechanism of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Signaling?

BDNF primarily binds to the TrkB (tropomyosin receptor kinase B) receptor on neuronal cell membranes. This binding event triggers intracellular pathways, including the MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, and PLCγ pathways. These cascades ultimately lead to gene expression changes that support neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and neuronal resilience against metabolic stress or injury.

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Signaling

Meaning

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) signaling describes the complex molecular communication pathway initiated by this crucial protein within the central nervous system. BDNF acts as a key neurotrophin, promoting the survival, differentiation, and growth of neurons and synapses. Adequate signaling is fundamentally linked to optimal cognitive function, learning, and memory consolidation.