Biological Attrition quantifies the progressive, cumulative degradation of functional capacity across various physiological systems over time, often accelerated by chronic stressors or suboptimal lifestyle factors. This concept extends beyond simple chronological aging to include the measurable decline in cellular resilience and intrinsic repair mechanisms. It fundamentally represents the net loss of biological capital available for adaptation and maintenance.
Origin
Derived from industrial and military terminology, “attrition” implies wearing down through continuous friction, use, or exposure to damaging forces. Applied biologically, it frames the aging process not just as time elapsed but as accumulated functional depletion at the cellular level. This perspective emphasizes the cumulative impact of ongoing physiological challenges.
Mechanism
This process is driven by accumulated molecular damage, including telomere shortening, increased oxidative stress burden, and impaired proteostasis leading to cellular senescence accumulation. Chronic activation of the HPA axis can accelerate this attrition by suppressing anabolic repair pathways and promoting systemic catabolic states. Reversing or slowing this attrition requires targeted interventions that enhance cellular defense and maintenance systems effectively.
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