Bioactive Amino Acid Chains are short peptides that function as signaling molecules within the endocrine and cellular environment, carrying specific biological instructions beyond their structural role in protein synthesis. These chains exert profound regulatory effects on physiological processes. They are critical components of intercellular communication networks.
Origin
This terminology arises from molecular biology, emphasizing that the sequence and structure of a short polypeptide chain determine its functional identity as a hormone, neuromodulator, or growth factor.
Mechanism
Their mechanism involves precise binding to cognate cell surface receptors, triggering specific downstream second messenger systems within the target cell. Depending on the chain’s structure, it can initiate gene expression changes, modulate enzyme activity, or influence the secretion of other critical hormones, thereby regulating systemic function.
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