What is the Origin of Autonomic Arousal?

The term combines autonomic (self-governing, referring to the ANS) and arousal (a state of physiological and psychological activation). It is a foundational concept in neurophysiology, stress medicine, and the study of the body's adaptive responses.

What is the Mechanism of Autonomic Arousal?

The activation involves the rapid release of catecholamines, specifically norepinephrine and epinephrine, from the adrenal medulla and sympathetic nerve endings. These neurotransmitters induce immediate physiological changes, including increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and the rapid mobilization of glucose and fatty acids from energy stores. Unmitigated arousal maintains a high level of systemic tension, which can chronically tax the cardiovascular and metabolic systems, driving cortisol dysregulation.

Autonomic Arousal ∞ Area

Autonomic Arousal

Meaning

Autonomic Arousal is the rapid, involuntary activation of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), predominantly its sympathetic division, in immediate response to any perceived threat or significant stressor. This acute physiological state is characterized by a cascade of bodily changes, collectively known as the “fight or flight” response, designed for immediate survival. Chronic or sustained autonomic arousal contributes significantly to allostatic overload and subsequent endocrine disruption.